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The Alchemists believed all metals were formed from mercury and sulfur, the mercury gave the metal malleability, and the sulfur gave it body and calcination.
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Plato believed solid forms of matter are composed of indivisible elements shaped like triangles.
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Democritus believed atoms were uniform, solid, incompressible, and indestructible, and they moved in infinite numbers through empty space until stopped.
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Robert Boyle believed everything was composed of very tiny particles.
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Antoine Lavoisier believed that matter was composed of atoms that were not created or destroyed during chemical reactions.
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John Dalton believed elements consisted of invisible small particles, all atoms of the same element are identical, and atoms can neither be created or destroyed.
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John Dalton envisioned atoms as solid, hard, spheres, like billiard balls and used wooden balls to model them.
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Amedeo Avogadro believed equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules regardless of their chemical nature and physical properties.
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Dmitri Mendeleev believed elements arranged according to the value of their atomic weights present a clear periodicity of properties.
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Pierre and Marie Curie suggested that the powerful rays, or energy, the polonium and radium gave off were actually particles from tiny atoms that were disintegrating inside the elements.
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The plum pudding model shows the electrons were embedded in a uniform sphere of positive charge, like blueberries stuck into a muffin.
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Albert Einstein believed any liquid is made up of molecules, that are always in random, ceaseless motion.
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Robert Millikan believed electrons did have a discrete quantifiable charge
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Ernest Rutherford believed atoms have a tiny, dense, and positively charged core called the nucleus
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Niels Bohr believed that electrons moved around a nucleus, but only in prescribe orbits, and if electrons jump to a lower-energy orbit, the difference is sent out as radiation.
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Henry Moseley believed atomic numbers are the fundamental feature that describes an element.
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The solar system model describes atoms as consisting of a nucleus with a number of electrons in orbit around the nucleus.
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The electron cloud model represents the area around and atom's nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found.
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James Chadwick discovered the Neutron, which is a subatomic particle with no electrical charge.
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JJ Thomson believed all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particle or elements