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Each element has different elements and is made of small atoms which is explained in John Daltons' book "New System of Chemical Philosphy."
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J.J Thomson stated that an atom was a positively-charged sphere with electrons. This was discribed looking like a blue-beryy muffin.
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Hantaro Nagaoka's model said that an atom had a large sphere in the center with a postitve charge. This model was showed with electrons revolving around the center like planets around the sun.
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Ernest Rutherford stated that atoms mostly are empty space, and random small electrons orbit around a small positively charged nucleus.
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On the other hand Niels Bohr stated that electrons don't t randomly orbit around the nucleus. The model is showed with electrons moving in the specific position.
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Since the 1920's till this day many scientists showed that electrons forming a negatively charged cloud around the nuleus, but also stated that it is impossible to determine exactly where am electrons is at any time.
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James Chadwick concluded that the existance of the neutron was why it was heavier than the total mass of their protons and electrons, but with no electrical charge.
