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Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment proved the existence of a small massive center to atoms, which would later be known as the nucleus of an atom.
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Most alpha particles were observed to pass straight through the gold foil, which would mean that atoms are composed of large amounts of open space.
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Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that atoms are mostly empty space with the positive charge concentrated in a nucleus. He realized this because most of the alpha particles passed straight through the piece of gold foil
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Rutherford overturned Thomson's model in 1911 with his well-known gold foil experiment in which he demonstrated that the atom has a tiny and heavy nucleus.
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