Atomic Theory

  • Democritus
    400 BCE

    Democritus

    "Atomos" means "not to be cut," which refers to the smallest piece of matter.
    Atoms are "uncuttable"
  • Period: 300 BCE to

    Aristotle

    All matter is made up of four
    elements: fire, air, water and
    earth.
    Matter has four properties:
    hot, cold, dry, and wet.
  • Dalton

    Dalton

    Atoms are “uncuttable”.
    Atoms of the same element are
    exactly alike.
    Atoms of different elements
    are different.
  • Thomson

    Thomson

    There are small, negatively
    charged particles inside
    an atom called electrons.
    This theory led to the “plum
    pudding” model, in which
    negative particles are stuck in a
    positively charged substance.
    Atoms are made of a single
    material that is formed into
    different shapes and sizes.
  • Rutherford

    Rutherford

    Atoms contain mostly
    empty space.
    Electrons are scattered around
    the nucleus at a distance.
    There is a small, dense,
    positively charged nucleus.
  • Bohr

    Bohr

    Most of an atom’s mass
    is in the nucleus.
    Electrons travel in paths
    called energy levels.
    Energy levels are located
    certain distances
    from the nucleus.
  • Modern Cloud Theory

    Modern Cloud Theory

    Electrons move around the
    nucleus billions of
    times in one second.
    Electrons’ locations depend
    upon how much
    energy they have.
    Electrons are found in
    electron clouds, not in paths.