College History II

Timeline created by biggjamiee in History

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Event Date:	Event Title:	Event Description:
09/02/1859	The First Drakes Folly	The first Drakes Folly was being dug, powered by oil in Pennsylvanis.
03/03/1865	Freedmen's Bureau	U.S federal government agency that helped freed slaves from 1865-69. The idea came from Lincoln and was intended to go for a year after the civil year to help slaves.
09/01/1868	The Election of 1868	General Grant (Republican) ran againist Horatio Seymour (Democrat). Grant won 214-80 electoral votes and 3.0-2.7 millon. Mississippi, Texas, and Virigina votes were uncounted.
09/24/1869	Black Friday	Jim Fisk and Jay Gould bought a whole bunch of gold planning to sell for profit, in order to lower the price of gold the Treasury bought it from the two.
09/02/1870	The Standard Oil Company	John D. Rockefeller established The Standard Oil Company. He tried to eliminate the middleman and delete competition. His business ethics were almost illegal because he hired spies. After 7 years he controlled 95% of oil refrineries.
09/01/1872	Credit Mobilier Scandal	Stockholders who had a stake in the Union Pacific Railroad made a false company, the Credit Mobilier construction company, to hired themselves for inflated prices. They stole millons of dollars from the government. To keep the government from doing anything about it they shared their stocks.
09/06/1872	The Liberal Republican Party	In disgust of the political corruption and the corruption of the military during reconstruction the Liberal Republicans were formed. Horace Greely was the choosen president.
09/01/1873	Panic of 1873	During reconstruction a lot of railroad was laid, mines sunk, erected mroe factories, bankers gave out unreasonable loans and people could not pay them back. 15,000 businesses went bankrupt, and several people were unemployeed because materials failer to materalize.
09/01/1876	Election of 1876	Grant had thought about running again, but was not allowed because of Washington's two term tradtion. So Rutherford B. Hayes ran againist Samuel Tilden. Tilden had 184 out of 185 electoral votes to win but it was disputed by 15 Congressman that Haye would take office
09/01/1877	The Compromise of 1877	15 Congressman decided that Hayes would be president. The Democrats were very upset and to compromise the Republicans decided to withdrawl troops from the south and also push aside the issue of racial equality.
07/02/1881	James Garfield Assassination	President Garfield was shot by Charles Guiteau, a stalwart republican, who was mentally deranged because he want Arthur in office. This shocked people into reforming the spoils system.
09/01/1882	Chinese Exlusion Act of 1882	Prohibited Chinese immigration until 1943, it was passed to limit the about of immigration. Any Chinese already living in America could stay but no one could come.
09/02/1883	Northern Pacific Railroad	Was built from Lake Superioir to Puget Sound. It was one of the four transcontiental railroads complete by the end of the 19th century.
09/02/1884	The Election of 1884	James Blaine (Republican) ran againist Grover Cleveland (Democrat). The Irish helped Cleveland win a slight majority in New York, letting him win.
05/02/1886	Haymarket Square	Strike organized by the Knights of Labor (Chigago). They were violent and wanted to overthrow government. Police invaded a meeting and a bomb was thrown that killed 11 people and injuried over 100.
09/02/1887	Interstate Commerce Act of 1887	Prohibited rebates and pools, required railroads to publish open rates, forbade unfair discrimination againist the shippers, and outlawed charging more than a short haul than for a long one over the same line.
09/02/1888	The Election of 1888	Democrats nominated Benjamin Harrison, who was Wiliam Henry Harrisons grandson, The Republicans paid the Democrats 3 million dollars on the lower tariff issue which helped Harrison get elected.
09/02/1890	Sherman Anit-Trust Act of 1890	The act declared every contract, combination, or conspiracy in which interstate trade was restricted illegal. It also said coroporate monopolies were exposed to federal prosecution if found to conspire in restraining trade.
10/01/1890	McKinley Tariff Act of 1890	Boosted the tax to the highest tax until then, 48.4%. rought hardtimes to farmers and they had no choice but to buy manufactured goods.
09/02/1892	Homestead Strike	Andrew Carenige's workers went on strike because of pay cuts, so he hired 300 armed Pinkerton guars to end the strike. The PA militia was eventually summoned and 10 died and 60 were injuried in the process.
02/15/1898	The Maine	The Maine mysterously blew up and this was the breaking point of America to finnally go to war with Spain.
08/12/1898	Puerto Rico	The Spanish sign the armistice to America for Puerto Rico.
09/29/1898	Teller Admendment	Promised when the U.S overthrew Spanish rule in Cuba the U.S would give the Cubans their independence. Yet the U.S was not letting Cuba get taken over by Germany.
02/04/1899	Filipino Rebellion	Emilio Aguinaldo led an insurrection. America sent 126,000 troops. The Filipinos used guerilla warfar. When America finally caught Aguinaldo the war still went on. There were around 600,000 Filipino deaths
09/28/1899	Open Door Policy	Secretary of State John Hay decided to urge the European powers in their spheres of influence (the right to hold property for a fixed period of time at some price) they should respect the Chineses rights and fair competetion. Most of Europe agreed
09/28/1900	Election of 1900	McKinley won againist Jennings Bryan 7.2 mil-6.3 mil and 292- 155.
09/28/1900	Boxer Rebellion	A group of super patrotic martial arts people murdered more than 200 foreigners, Chinese Christians. A multinational rescue force of 18,000 soliders stoped the rebellion.
09/06/1901	McKinleys assassination	Not even 6 months after in office, Leon Czolgoz shot President McKinley twice with a gun that was hidden by a handerchief. Bystanders tackled him before he could shot again. He was taken into surgery but they couldnt find the second bullet.
09/28/1901	Treaty of 1901	America was allowed to construct and manage a Central American canal. The U.S was then guranteed the neutrality of the canal and was authorized to frtify the area, finally the canal was opened to all nations.
09/28/1901	Platt Admendent of 1901	Rider attached to an army appropriations bill. It was written into the constitution of Cuba by the US and in effect made Cuba a US protectorate. The US could intervene to preserve Cubas independence.
09/29/1903	Elkins Act of 1903	Heavy fines could now be imposed both on the railroads that gave rebates and on the shippers that excepted them.
09/29/1905	Lochner v. New York	The New York court ruled on a 10 hour work day for all bakers.
01/29/1906	Meat Inspection Act	The preparation of meat shipped over State lines would be subject to federal inspection.
05/29/1906	Pure Food and Drug Act	Designed to prevent the mixing and mislabeling of foods and drugs.
09/28/1906	Nobel Peace Prize of 1906	Roosevelt recieves the peace prize because of the peace agreement.
09/29/1906	Hepburn Act	The act the gave Interstate Commerce Commision to maximize railroad rates.
11/29/1906	The Jungle	The book The Jungle was written with the intent to focus attention on the plight of workers in the big canning factories, but instead he appalled the public with his description of disgustingly unsanitary food products. (Upton St.Clair)
09/28/1907	The Great White Fleet	Roosevelt did not want to appear weak to the Japanese, so he ordered the entire battleship fleet to voyage around the world.
09/28/1908	Root-Takahira Agreement	Signed by Japan and America following warm relations after the Great White Fleet visit. It pledged both powers to respect the other's teritory possession of the Pacific. This opened the Open Door in China.
09/29/1908	Muller v. Oregon	In Oregon there was law that women could only work ten hours a day. Muller challegened that and was fined 10 dollars for disobeying that and refused to pay the fine.
09/19/1910	Congressional Election	The Republicans lost badly in this election leaving the Democrats with 228 and Republicans with 161 seats, But they still had Senate majority.
10/19/1910	Ballinger-Pinchot quarrel	The Secretary of the Interior Richard Ballinger opened public lands in Wyoming, Montana, and Alaska to corporate development, he was criticized by Gifford Pinchot. Taft dismissed Pinchot on the grounds of insubordination.
10/19/1911	Triangle Shirtwaist Fire	The triangle shirtwaist company building caught fire and there were little escape routes and 146 workers died.
10/19/1911	Roosvelt Dam	was created and named after Teddy Roosevelt because he oversaw a lot of conservative movements. It is a dam.
10/19/1911	National Progressive Republican League	Founded in 1911, they figured on LaFollette to be nominated for the presidency because Roosevelt was anti-third term yet Taft still won.
10/19/1912	Childrens Bureau	A new federal agency was created by women reformers (progressives)
10/19/1912	Election of 1912	Woodrow Wilson wins presidency with 41% of the popular vote againist Taft, Roosevelt, and Debs.
02/19/1913	State of the Union Address	Woodrow Wilson established the State of The Union Address in early 1913 and it is still used today.
10/19/1913	Federal Reserve Act	This created the Federal Reserve Board which oversaw a nationwide system of 12 regional reserve districts, that all had central banks.
10/19/1914	Federal Trade Commission Act	Created a commission to investigate industries engaged in interstate commerce.
12/18/1917	The 18th Admendment	Prohibited manufacture, sale, transport, or consumption of alcohol; temperance movements began way before the admendment was passed and ratified.
06/04/1919	The 19th Admendment	The admendment that gave women the right to vote!
09/07/1919	American Legion	Teddy Roosevelt created the American legion so vets could share memories together.
09/07/1919	American Legion	The American Legion was created by Teddy Roosevelt for veterans to share memories and hang out.
04/11/1920	Merchant Marine Act of 1920	An act that authorized the Shipping Board to dispose of much of the hastily built wartime fleet at low bargain prices.
09/16/1920	KDKA	The first radio show, KDKA, was aired in Pittsburgh, PA.
10/16/1920	Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920	This act encouraged private consolidation of the railroads and pledged the Interstate Commerce Commission to guarantee their profitability
03/16/1921	Emergency Quota Act	This reduced trhe amount of immigrants coming into America to 3% of what was coming in before it.
09/07/1921	Teapot Dome Scandal	Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall convinced the Secretary of the Navy to transfer those two properties to the Interior Department. Harding signed them over to the Interior. Fall leased the lands to oil tycoons Harry Sinclair and Edward Doheny for $100,00 and $300,000 respectively.
11/07/1921	Veterans Bureau	The Veteerans Bureau was created to operate hospitals and provide rehabilitation for the disabled
02/10/1922	Fordney-McCumber Tarriff	Tariff went from 27% to 38.5%.
04/10/1922	Five Power Navy Treaty	Harding seized the initiative for naval disarmament.A 10-year “holiday” on the construction of battleships and for scrapping some of them. He believed that Britain and America should have the same number of ships, with Japan having less – a ratio of 5:5:3
12/16/1923	Adkins vs. Childrens Hospital	It reversed the Muller vs. Oregon because now women had the right to vote they shouldn't be treated specially in the work place.
08/16/1924	Immigration Act of 1924	It reduced the former Emergency Quota Act from 3% immigration to only 2%.
10/08/1924	Election of 1924	Lafollete, Coolidge, and Davis. Coolidge won.
05/16/1925	The Great Gatsby	F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote the book The Great Gatsby which was about The Roaring 1920's. A man named Jay Gatsby who was a self made tycoon who was in love with a girl named Daisy.
07/21/1925	Monkey Trial	A high school teacher, John Scopes, taught his students evolution and was charged and defended by Clarence Darrow. He lost and had a fine of aorund $100.
09/16/1927	The Jazz SInger	first talking movie which was about a poor, Jewish immigrant torn between following his father’s wishand his own ambition to become a jazz singer.
01/19/1928	United Negro Improvement Association	Marcus Garvey created the UNIA to resettle the blacks back in Africa.
02/07/1928	Kellogg-Briand Pact	Agreed that all conflicts should be settled by peaceful means and that war was to be renounce, any war started has to be done in self-defense.
02/14/1929	ST.Valentines Day	Al Capone and his men killed 7 men of a rival gang at a wearhouse, after tricking them that they was a shipment of illegal goods there. They pretended they were cops and then attacked.
02/23/1933	London Economic Conference of 1933	This conference was to organize and try to get the globe out of a depression. It wanted to stablize each countries currency and exchanging rates. Countries such as America though wanted to solve problems without help from the rest of the world.
02/23/1933	Formal recognition of the Soviet Union	The United States was the first country to recognize the Soviet Union as a country for economic and political reasons.
02/23/1934	Tydings-McDufie Act of 1934	This gave the Phillippines independence after 12 years and US agreed to give up all army bases, not naval bases though.
05/23/1934	Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934	Was designed by Sec Hull to lower tariffs, boost American trade. It was negotiated with 21 other countries and helped relations with Latin American countries.
01/23/1935	Neutrality Acts of 1935,1936, and 1937	These were acts to forbid the United States to trade with any country that was involved in the war.
09/23/1935	Nuremberg Laws	These laws took all rights away from Jews and forbid Jews to marry non-Jews. From this point on Jews had to wear a large Star of David on their clothing so they could be recognized as Jewish.
09/23/1938	Munich Conference	After Adolf Hilter had taken control of Rhineland, Sudetenland and a part of Czechoslovakia, a conference was held with the leaders of the Allies France and Britain to stop Hilter from taking anymore land. It was agreed that he wouldn't just so he could keep what he had already conquered.
11/23/1938	Kristallnacht	The Nazis started to become more violent toward the Jews in Germany and Austria. They destroyed Jewish shops, the synagogues, and even their homes. This all happened because a Jew murdered a German diplomat. (The night of broken glass)
07/23/1939	Neutrality Act of 1939	Provided that European countries could trade with America if they transported the items after paying in full cash. (Cash and Carry)
08/23/1939	Hilter-Stalin non-aggression pact	The SOviet Union and Germany signed an act that they could not start war with each other. It was signed previous to Hilter and Stalin took control of Poland.