White primary was were blacks weren't able to vote in the primary election. They where guaranteed to vote in the general election, but the constitution said nothing about the Primary elections and the whites took advantage of that. The court case King v. Chapman went to supreme court and supreme court rulled White Primary unconstitutional. In 1946 was the first time blacks voted in the primary election.
Intergration of the armed forces
Link!On July 26, 1948 Harry Truman announced "that there shall be equallity of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national orgin." Intergrating the armed forces was good for the army and inspired cooperation across the country.
Brown vs Board of Education
LinkBrown started a case against The Board of Education that went all the way to supreme court. He wanted to get schools intergrated so that whites and blacks could be equals. The supreme court rulled segregation of schools was unjust and went against the fourteenth amendment. The rulling overun the rulling of Plessy vs. Ferguson case in 1896.
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
LinkOn December 1st Rosa Parks was asked to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus to a white passenger. She refused. The police were called and Rosa was arrested. When local Paster Martin Luther King Jr. heard about this he called a meeting at his church. He said the only way to protest was to boycott the bus company. The next day African-Americans were riding cars, mules, walking, and doing anything except riding the bus. Whites fought back with terrorism and harrasment.
Change to Georgia state flag
Georgia people wanted to have a flag to represent the old Confederate flag. Some beleived it was to honor the dead of the civil war. Some say it was a symbol that Georgia was against intergration.
Crisis at Central High School and the "Little Rock Nine"
Link9 African-American kids , nicknamed the "Little Rock Nine", were enrolled at Little Rock Central High. When they got to the school the first day a mob had formed and the were threating to lynch them and trying to block them out of the school. The governer of Arkansas had to call in the national gaurd just to get the kids in the school. Ernest Green became the first black person to graduate from Central High School.
Hebrew Benovolent Congregation in ATL bombed
LinkThe United Press International received a call the said there would be a bombing, but they blew it off as a joke. Early in the moring the police were getting calls about an explosion. The UPI were called again by General Gordon of The Confederate Underground. He said that there would be more bombings if people didn't fire the jewish or black workes. He said they considered them alien.
Sibley Commission
Most Schools refuse to intergrate, and a bill was passed that if any school willingly agreed to be intergrated than the state would cut their funding. The Sibley Commision was founded to help the problem of intergration of schools. The founder was John Sibley who was a Georgian banker. The Sibley Commision went around interviewing Georgians to see what they thought. Two thirds of Georgians said they would rather the school closed than intergrated.
Albany Movement
workers from NAACP and SNCC wanted to test the rule that segregation was illegal on buses and train stations and sat in the whites only section at an Albany GA train station. Their arrests sparked the Albany Movement. Tons of African-Americans started sitting in the whites only sections and kept getting arrested. This went on for months and at one point 500 people were in jail or out on bond Including MLK. This went on for months.
Integration of The University of Georgia
LinkFederal court said that African-American students named Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter were to attend UGA.GA officials cut off funds to UGA. People started freakingout that the UGA was going to close down. Administrators urged the people to stay calm. It was good until January 11th when an angry mob formed outside the dormitories. Property damage was suggnificant and the media was all over it. The GA legislative repealed the laws of cutting funding to any intergrated schools.
Freedom Rides
LinkA group of African-Americans set from Washington D.C. to the deep south in two public busses. At first they were only verbaly abused, but in the 2nd week they were beaten and abused. Outsied of Anniston, Alabama white supremacists burned one of their busses.
Birmingham, AL protests
LinkMLK wanted to people to march around Birmingham and integrate all the places they saw until they were arrested. People Marched and marched and then met up at 16th St. Baptist Chruch. Most Protesters were harrased, attacked, arrested, and were hit down with fire hoses.
March on Washington DC
LinkAfrican-Americans and pro-Civil Rights people gathered in Washington D.C. and they started a rally. The president Kennedy was all for the ralley, but feared that it would cause legislature to vote against The Civil Rights Act. Two of the famous speeches were held there. MLK's "I Have a Dream," and John Lewis' speech.
16th Street Baptist Chruch in Birmingham bobmed
The 16th Street Baptist Chruch In Brimingham, AL had always been a meeting place for Civil Rights activists like MLK and others. It was a prime target for an attack. Early in the morning of september 15th, the church was bombed and four little girls were killed during the attack. 22 were inured
John F. Kennedy assassinated
LinkWhen JFK was riding through Dallas he was shot twice from a building across the street by Lee Harvey Osweld. The police searched the sixth sotry and found a sniper rifle left by Osweld. 70 minutes later Osweld was aprehended for killing JFK, killing a Dallas police officer, and resisting arrest. The next day when Osweld was being transported he was shot by a Dallas nightclub owner named Jack Ruby. He claimed to be distrought over JFK's death.
Civil Rights Act 1964 passed
LinkOn this day congress met to vote on the Civil Rights Act. It outlawed segregation of African-Americans and women. It was signed into law by president Lydon B. Johnson. The total vote was 69% to 31%.
Voting Rights Act of 1965 passed
LinkThis act got rid of any voting descrimination against African-Americans and women. The act is considered a landmark achievement for congress. The act was signed by president Lyndon B. Johnson.
Summerhill Race Riot in ATL
The Summer Race Riot lasted four days. People were beating other people to a pulp and other things. It started with false news articles about African-Americans commiting crimes. Some white guys wanted to even the score. That one event set off a huge riot in wich 20 people were injured and 1 person was killed.
MLK assassinated
LinkMLK came to Memphis Tennesse to lead a peacful march, but was killed with a shot in the face from Harvey Lowmeyer. He shot a .30-06 rifle from across the block and left everything he used in front of a toy store. There is a mueseum founded by his wife in Atlanta GA.
all Georgia schools integrated
linkAs Civil rights took its course all the schools in Georgia were intergrated. No more whites only schools in GA.
