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1543
Nicolaus Copernicus
the first European scientist to propose that Earth and other planets revolve around the sun, the heliocentric theory of the solar system. -
Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon played an indirect role in the contribution to plate tectonic theory and solid Earth geophysics, but was influential to all in the scientific community. Francis Bacon created the Scientific Method, also known as the Bacon Method. -
Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei pioneered the experimental scientific method and was the first to use a refracting telescope to make important astronomical discoveries. He is often referred to as the “father of modern astronomy” and the “father of modern physics -
Rene Descartes
Rene Descartes had a very important role to play in the Scientific Revolution. Through his specialty in mathematics, he was able to transform geometrical problems into algebra. Further, he established the x and y-axis in his algebraic drawings. The modern notation for exponents was also a Rene Descartes innovation. -
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton contributed significantly to the field of science over his lifetime. He invented calculus (opens in new tab) and provided a clear understanding of optics. But his most significant work had to do with forces, and specifically with the development of a universal law of gravitation and his laws of motion. -
John Locke
To discover truths beyond the realm of basic experience, Locke suggested an approach modeled on the rigorous methods of experimental science, and this approach greatly impacted the Scientific Revolution. -
Montesquieu
Montesquieu was a French lawyer, man of letters, and one of the most influential political philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment. His political theory work, particularly the idea of separation of powers, shaped the modern democratic government. -
Denis Diderot
Diderot was an original “scientific theorist” of the Enlightenment, who connected the newest scientific trends to radical philosophical ideas such as materialism. He was especially interested in the life sciences and their impact on our traditional ideas of what a person – or humanity itself – are. -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Rousseau was the least academic of modern philosophers and in many ways was the most influential. His thought marked the end of the European Enlightenment (the “Age of Reason”). He propelled political and ethical thinking into new channels. His reforms revolutionized taste, first in music, then in the other arts. -
Voltaire
Voltaire understood how Newton departed from pure rationalism and wrote a science to fit the observed world. Voltaire understood that human equality must follow empirical knowledge. You can't just theorize about the human lot; you have to observe it as well. -
James Watt
James Watt is chiefly known for inventing different types of steam engine that helped start the Industrial Revolution. To describe the efficiency of his engines, he coined the term 'horsepower' and devised a rev counter. Watt's inventions were not confined to engines. -
Adam Smith
groundbreaking 1776 book on economics called An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. -
George Washington
Despite having little practical experience in managing large, conventional armies, Washington proved to be a capable and resilient leader of the American military forces during the Revolutionary War. -
Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson promoted scientific exploration—he encouraged explorers to prepare for their journeys by training in relevant scientific fields, such as botany, land surveying, and astronomy. For Jefferson, exploration was an opportunity to expand both political and natural knowledge of North America. -
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
He created twenty-four operas including such famous works as "The Magic Flute", "Don Giovanni", and "The Marriage of Figaro", 17 masses and over 50 systems -
Maximillien Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre, the architect of the French Revolution's Reign of Terror, is overthrown and arrested by the National Convention. As the leading member of the Committee of Public Safety from 1793, Robespierre encouraged the execution, mostly by guillotine, of more than 17,000 enemies of the Revolution. -
Miguel Hidalgo
The desire for independence from Spanish rule first formally emerged in 1810. A priest named Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla is famous for issuing a call for revolution on September 16, 1810 in an event known as “El Grito de Dolores”. His call sparked a flame that would fuel the Mexican fight for independence. -
Simon Bolivar
Image result for how did Simon Bolivar Contribute to the scientific revolution
Bolívar himself led multiple expeditionary forces against the Spaniards, and between 1819 and 1822 he successfully liberated three territories—New Granada (Colombia and Panama), Venezuela, and Quito (Ecuador)—from Spanish rule.