World War II - Holocaust

Timeline created by michaelaltaras in History

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Event Date:	Event Title:	Event Description:
01/30/1933	Adolf Hitler Appointed Chanceilor of Germany.
02/27/1933	Reichstag fire.	Nazis unleash terror to ensure election results.
03/23/1933	First concentration camp	First concentration camp - Dachau - established.
03/27/1933	Enabling Act.	Enabling Act - Suspending civil liberties - passed by Nazi - dominated Reichstag
04/01/1933	Boycot of Jewish shops and businesses.	Boycott of Jewish shops and business. Jewish professionals barred from entering office.
04/07/1933	First anti-Jewish decree.	The Law for the reestablishment of the Civil Service.
04/21/1933	Ritual slaughter prohibited.	Ritual slaughter of animals in accordance with Jewish dietary laws prohibited in Germany.
04/26/1933	Gestapo established.
06/01/1933	Universities and the arts are "cleansd" of Jewish influence.	Universities and the arts are "cleansd" of Jewish influence. Jewish professers expelled. Jewish writers and artists prohibited from practicing their professions.
07/01/1933	Jewish organizations in America and Western Europe protest Nazi persecution of the Jews.	Jewish organizations in America and Western Europe protest Nazi persecution of the Jews. A few call for a boycott of Nazi Germany.
10/19/1933	Germany leaves the League of Nations
06/30/1934	"Night of the Long Knives"	Nazis Purge leadershio of Storm Troopers (SA) and opponents of Nazism.
08/02/1934	Hitler becomes president.	Hitler named president and commander-in-chief of the armed forces following the death of Von Hindenburg.
03/16/1935	Germany renews conscription, in violation of Versailles treaty.
05/31/1935	Jews barred from serving in German armed forces.
09/15/1935	"Nuernberg Laws"	Anti-Jewish racial laws enacted. Jews could no longer be German citizens, marry Aryans, fly the German flag, and hire German maids under the age of forty-five.
11/15/1935	Germany defines Jews:	Germany defines Jews: Anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who identifies as a Jew.
02/04/1936	David Frankfurter	David Frankfurter, young Jewish student, assassinates Wilhelm Gustloff, leader of Nazi party, in Switzerland.
03/03/1936	Jewish doctors barred	Jewish doctors barred from practicing medicine in government institutions.
03/07/1936	Germans march into the Rhineland	Germans march into the Rhineland which had been demilitarized according to treaty.
05/05/1936	Ethiopia occupied by Italy.
06/17/1936	Himmler appointed Chief of German police.
07/01/1936	Spanish Civil War	Germans and Italians join Franco's forces in Spanish Civil War
10/25/1936	Hitler and Mussoloni form Rome-Berlin Axis.
07/16/1937	Buchenwald concentration camp opens.
03/13/1938	Anschluss:	annexation of Austria by Germany; all German anto-Semetic decrees immediately applied in Austria.
04/26/1938	Jews in Reich must register all property with authorities.
07/01/1938	Office of Jewish Emigration	Adolf Eichaman established Office of Jewish Emigration to speed up pace of forced emigration.
08/17/1938	Name changes revoked	Decrees revoke all name changes by Jews and force those Jews who did not have names recognized as Jewish by German authorities to add "Israel" (for males) and "sarah" (for females) as middle names.
09/29/1938	Munich Confrence	England and France aggree to turn over Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia) to germany.
10/05/1938	Jewish passports marked,	Following requests by the Swiss authorities, Germans order all jews' passports marked with a large red "J" to prevent Jews from smuggling themselves into the Switzerland.
10/28/1938	Jews expelled	Jews with Polosh citizenship living in Germany are expelled to Polish border> poles refuse to admit them. Germans refuse to allow them back into Germany. - 17,000 stranded in frontier town of Zbasyn
11/09/1938	Kristallnacht	Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass) : anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany and Austria. Two hundred synagogues destroyed. 7,500 Jewish shops looted and 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps. (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen).
11/12/1938	Business Transfers	Decree forcing all Jews to transfer retail businesses to Aryan hands.
11/15/1938	All Jewish pupils expelled from German schools.
01/30/1939	Reichstag speech	Hitler threatens in Reichstag speech that if war erupts it will mean the Vernichtung (extermination) of European Jews.
03/15/1939	Nazis occupy part of Czechoslovakia	Nazis occupy part of Czechoslovakia (Bohemia and Moravia) ; make Slovakia independant satellite state.
03/22/1939	Germans occupy port of Memel
08/23/1939	Molotov-Ribbentrop Pack Signed:	Molotov-Ribbentrop Pack Signed: nonagression pact between Russia and Germany.
09/07/1939	Beginning of World War II:	Beginning of World War II: Germany invades Poland.
09/17/1939	Russia invades Eastern Poland
09/27/1939	Ghettos established	Heydrich issues directives to establish ghettos in German-occupied Poland.
11/23/1939	Jews forced to wear distinguishing badge	Jews in German-occupied Poland forced to wear distinguishing badge.
11/28/1939	Firts Polish Ghetto	First ghetto in Poland established in Protrokow.
04/09/1940	Germans occupy Denmark and Southern Norway.
04/27/1940	Concentration Camp at Auschwitz,	Himmler Issues directive to establish a concentration camp at Auschwitz.
05/07/1940	Lodz ghetto closed off:	Lodz ghetto closed off: approximately 165,000 inhabitants in 1.6 square miles.
05/10/1940	Germany invades Holland, Belgium, and France.
05/20/1940	Concentration camp established at Auschwitz
06/22/1940	France surrenders to Nazis
08/08/1940	Battle of Britain begins
09/27/1940	Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis.
11/15/1940	Warsaw Ghetto sealed off...	Approximatately 500,000 inhabitants.
11/20/1940	Hungary, Rumania, and Slovakia join Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis.
01/21/1941	Anti-Jewish Riots in Rumania	Anti-Jewish Riots in Rumania by Iron Guard: hundreds of JEws cruelly buthchered.
03/01/1941	Adolf Eichmann appointed head of Gestapo section for Jewish affairs
04/01/1941	Germany occupies Greece and Yugolsavia
06/01/1941	Vichey government makes laws	Vichey government deprives Jews of French North Africa of their rights as citizens.
06/22/1941	Germany invades the Soviet Union.
06/29/1941	Nazi Einsatzgruppen	Nazi Einsatzgruppen (special mobile killing units) carry out mass murder of Jews in areas of Soviet Union occupied by German army.
07/31/1941	Heydrich appointed	Heydrich appointed by Goering as responsible for implementation of Final Solution.
09/01/1941	Jews and the yellow star	Jews in the Third Reich obligated to wear yellow star of David as distinguished mark.
09/28/1941	Massacre at Babi Yar	Massacre of Jews at Babi Yar - ravine outside of Kiev: 34,000 murdered
10/01/1941	Establishment of Birkenau:	Establishment of Birkenau camp: site of mass extermination of Jews, Gypsies, Poles, Russians, and others.
10/23/1941	Murder of 19,000 Jews in Odessa
12/07/1941	Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
12/08/1941	Chelmo extermination,	Chelmo extermination camp begins operation: 340,000 Jews, 20,000 Poles and Czechs liquidated there by April 1943
01/01/1942	Jewish underground formed:	Jewish underground organizations established in Vilna Ghetto and Kovno Ghetto.
01/20/1942	Wannsee Conference	Wannsee Conference: Heydrich reveals official plan to murder all Jews on European continent.
03/01/1942	Extermination by gas	Extermination by gas begins in Sobibor Extermination camp: by October 1943 250,000 Jews murdered.
03/17/1942	Belzec extermination camp	Extermination begins in Belzec extermination camp: by end of 1942 600,000 Jews murdered.
03/20/1942	Deportations to Auschwitz extermination camp begins.
06/01/1942	Treblinka exterminations begin	Treblinka extermination camp begins operation by August 1943- 700,000 Jews murdered
06/01/1942	Jewish partisans	Jewish partisan unit established in forests of Belorussia.
06/30/1942	All Jewish schools in Germany closed.
07/01/1942	Deprtation of Jews	Deprtation of Jews to from Holland, Poland, France, Belgium, Croatia. Armed resistance by jews in ghettos of Kletzk, Wieswiez, Mir, Lackwa, Krements, and Tuchin.
07/28/1942	Jewish fighting organization	Jewish fighting organization (ZOB) established in Warsaw Ghetto.
11/01/1942	Allied forces land in North Africa.
12/01/1942	Deportation of Jews from Norway...	Deportation of Jews from Norway, Germany, and Greece to extermination camps. Jewish partisan movment organized in forests near Lublin.
01/18/1943	Germans attmept to liquidate Warsaw Ghetto	Germans attmept to liquidate Jews in Warsaw Ghetto; armed resistance by ghetto inhabitants.
02/02/1943	German advance in Russia stopped at Stalingrad.
03/01/1943	Liquidation of Cracow ghetto.
04/19/1943	Warsaw ghetto revolt	Warsaw ghetto revolt begins as Germans attempt to liquidate 70,000 ghetto inhabitants; Jewish underground fights Nazis until early June.
06/01/1943	Himler orders liquidation	Himler orders the liquidation of all the ghettos in Poland and the Soviet Union.
07/01/1943	Armed resistence	Armed resistence by Jews in Czetoschowa, Lvov, Bedzin, Bialystock, and Tarnow ghettos
08/02/1943	Armed revolt inTreblinka extermination camp.
09/01/1943	Liquidation of large ghettos	Liquidation of large ghettos. Minck, Vilna, Riga.
10/14/1943	Armed revolt in Sobibor extermination camp.
03/19/1944	Germany occupies Hungary
05/01/1944	Red Army repels Nazi forces
05/15/1944	Nazis continue deportation	Nazis begin deporting Hungarian Jews. By June 27, 38,000 sent to Auschwitz.
06/06/1944	Allied invasion of Normandy
07/20/1944	Assasination attempt on Hitler	Group of German officers attempts to assassinate Hitler
07/24/1944	Russian liberation	Russians liberate Maidanek extermination camps.
08/01/1944	Liquidation of ghettos	Liquidation of ghettos in Kovino (Kaunas), Shavli (Siauliai), and Lodz; inmates sent to concentration and extermination camps.
10/07/1944	Revolt by inmates in Auschwitz.	Revolt by inmates in Auschwitz; one crematorium blown up.
10/31/1944	Remnants of Slovakian Jews deported to Auschwitz.
11/01/1944	Last deportations.	Last Jews deported from Theresienstadt model ghetto to Auschwitz.
11/08/1944	Death March	Begining of death march of approximately 40,000 Jews from Budapest to Austria.
01/17/1945	Evacuation of Auschwitz	Evacuation of Auschwitz: begining of death march of camp inmates.
01/25/1945	Begining of death march of inmates of Stutthof.
04/01/1945	Red Army enters Germany,	Red Army enters Germany from east; allies enter from west.
04/06/1945	Death march of inmates at Buchenwald.
04/30/1945	Hitler commits suicide.
05/08/1945	Germany surrenders; end of Third Reich
Timespan Dates:	Timespan Title:	Timespan Description:
01/30/1933 to 05/08/1945	World War II - Holocaust