An Era that changed the ideology of life

Timeline created by kobechisai in Science and Technology

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Event Date:	Event Title:	Event Description:
06/17/1930	Plant Patent Act of 1930	The United States of America pass the Plant Patent Act which allows plant breeders to patent new types of asexual plants.
02/08/1951	HeLa Cell Line created	The first human tumor cell line was developed by scientists after taking cervical cancer cells from Henrietta Lacks.
12/23/1954	First Organ transplant performed	Dr Joseph E. Murray was the first surgeon to perform a successful organ transplant. His patient was Richard Herrick recieved one of his twin brother kidneys. Murray is often seen as the Pioneer of Organ Transplants
01/01/1971	Breakthrough Research	Dr Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty of General Electric in Schnectady New York sets out to develop a special kind of “bug” or bacteria that can eat crude oil
10/05/1976	John Moore's Diagnosis	Moore visits the UCLA Medical center only to confirm the previous diagnosis that he has contracted an extremely rare form of cancer, hairy cell leukemia
10/20/1976	John Moore goes into surgery	Surgeons at UCLA medical center remove a portion of Moore's spleen where they end up storing and using it for research
07/25/1978	First test tube baby born	Born in Great Britian, Louise Brown is the worlds first person conceived by means of In Vitro fertilization
03/17/1980	Chakrabarty Case	The Oral argument was held before the Supereme court of the United States of America on the basis of wheter Chakrabarty can or cannot recieve the patent for the microbe he created.
06/16/1980	Chakrabarty Case ruling	The Supreme court of the United States of America by a Five to Four margin upheld the CCPA decision and granted Chakrabarty his Patent.
12/02/1980	Cohen- Boyer Patent	Stanley N. Cohen and Herbert W. Boyer are granted U.S. Patent 4,237,224 which gives them the right to gene cloning
01/20/1981	Ronald Reagan Presidency Starts	Ronald Reagan is sworn in as the 40th President of the United States of America.
01/30/1981	Dr Golde and the Regents of the University of California apply for a patent	Dr Golde along with the Regents of the University of California apply for a patent on the cell line which was established from John Moore’s T lymphocytes
05/14/1982	Humulin	Developed by Genetech by genetically engineering bacteria for treating diabetes. Would be the first biotech drug to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration
03/20/1984	Patent Issued for Dr Golde and the Regents of the University of California	Dr Golde and the Regents of the University of California are issued the patent for the cell line established from Moore’s T lymphocytes as well as the nine products derived from it
10/19/1984	National Organ Transplant act of 1984	Approved by the U.S. Congress, it outlawed the sale of human organs and established the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) to maintain a national registry for organ matching
10/18/1985	Genentech the first biotechnology company to launch its own biopharmaceutical product	The Food and Drug Administration approves Genentech first human pharmaceutical Protropin, a Human growth hormone for children with growth hormone deficiency to be developed and marketed.
09/30/1986	United Nation For Organ Sharing receives OPTN contract	United Nation For Organ Sharing has been the only oganization to manage the OPTN since its establishment in 1984
04/07/1987	Chakrabarty Case ruling extension	The PTO issued a ruling which extended the Chakrabarty ruling to include all multicellular organisms including animals.
04/12/1988	The Harvard Mouse (US Patent No. 4,736,866)	The first Patent issued by the PTO for a transgenic animal
07/21/1988	Moore Case	The California Court of Appeals reversed the lower lower court and held that John Moore had a property right in his own bodily tissues as well that he was entitled to a part ownership in the patented cell line which bore his name. Dr Golde and the Regents of the Universirty if California would appeal this case to the California Supreme Court
01/20/1989	Ronald Reagan Presidency ends	After two terms in office. President Ronald Reagan steps down.
03/24/1989	Exxon Valdez Oil Spill	Exxon uses oil eating bacteria as a method to help with the clean up effort.
07/09/1990	Moore case decision	The California Supreme Court ruled that human cells and tissues were not property and could not be sold or bartered by the person giving them up therefore Moore had no “property right” while granting that “property right” to the researchers or corporations.
10/01/1990	The Human Genome Project begins	The United States Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health in the United States begin the Human Genome Project with the goals of providing a complete and accurate sequence of the 3 billion DNA base pairs that make up the human genome.
12/14/1995	First baboon to human bone marrow Transplant performed	Jeff Getty an AID's patient and the first person to recieve a baboon to human bone marrow transplant which was performed successfully and extended his life.
07/05/1996	Dolly the Cloned Sheep	Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned from another adult mammal. She was cloned at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh In Scotland by Dr Ian Wilmut and his colleagues
03/04/1997	President Clinton Proposes Moratorium	In response to the large scale human cloning ethics debate brought by Ian Wilmut's announcement on the creation of Dolly. President Clinton proposes a 5 year moratorium on federal and privately funded human cloning research.
04/25/1997	Artificial Human Chromosomes created	Researchers devised the first Aritificial Human Chromosome that survives 6 months
07/09/1997	Cloning Prohibition Act of 1997	Following up on his proposal for a moritorium. President Clinton introduced this act with the intention of prohibiting for five years the use of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Technology for the purpose of cloning a new human being.
07/31/2001	The Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2001	Passed by the U.S. House of Representatives this act enacts complete ban on somatic cell nuclear transfer to create cloned human embryos; it threatens transgressors with criminal punishment and civil fines. Yet a vote on this act in the senate never occured so it died.
10/01/2001	John Moore's death	John Moore dies at the age of 56 in a Seattle hospital after undergoing a expiremental treatment for his leukemia.
01/29/2003	Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2003	Introduced to the U.S. House of Representatives it would prohibit "any person or entity, in or affecting interstate commerce, from knowingly: (1) performing or attempting to perform human cloning; (2) participating in such an attempt; (3) shipping or receiving an embryo produced by human cloning or any product derived from such an embryo; or (4) importing such an embryo." (Library of Congress)
02/14/2003	Dolly's Death	At the age of 6 Dolly dies from a progressive lung disease
02/27/2003	Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2003 passes House of Representatives	Though this legaslation was not acted or voted upon once it reached the senate so it simply died
08/09/2004	Dr Golde's Death	Dr David W. Golde would be found dead in his apartment in Manhattan. He committed suicide.
10/16/2006	Jeff Getty Dies	Jeff Getty the first person to recieve bone marrow from a baboon died of heart failure after treatment for cancer and a long struggle with AID's
06/05/2007	Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2007 introduced to the U.S. House of Representatives	This act would prohibit or "make it unlawful for any person, including a governmental entity, to: (1) perform or attempt to perform human cloning; or (2) ship, mail, transport, or receive the product of human somatic cell nuclear transfer technology knowing that such product is for the purpose of human cloning. Sets forth criminal and civil penalties for violations of this Act." (LIbrary of Congress)
06/06/2007	Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2007 fails to pass the House of Representatives	On a roll call vote, the Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2007 fails to gain enough Yea's required to pass the House of Representatives
05/21/2010	Synthia, the first synthetic living cell	American Biologist and entrepreneur Craig Venter and his team create a strain of Mycoplasma mycoides called JCVI-syn1.0 with a synthetic genome which they have nicknamed "Synthia"
Timespan Dates:	Timespan Title:	Timespan Description:
01/01/1930 to 12/01/2010	An era that changed the ideology of life